New Weed Species Threaten Punjab Agriculture After Floods

Chandigarh, Jun 11 (PTI) Scientists at Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana, on Thursday said they have identified new weed species in flood-affected areas that pose a significant risk to the state's agricultural landscape.

Following floods in 2023 and 2025, a survey carried out in several districts, including Hoshiarpur, Gurdaspur, Pathankot, Rupnagar, Amritsar and Patiala, revealed the appearance of new weed species and significant shifts in weed flora, according to a PAU statement.

The findings point to the far-reaching impact of extreme weather events on agricultural ecosystems and suggest the need for monitoring and timely intervention.

The survey found three weed species that were not previously reported from these areas.

According to scientists, species like wild radish or 'Jangli mooli' (Raphanus raphanistrum), celery-leaved buttercup or 'Jal dhaniya' (Ranunculus sceleratus), and marsh yellow-cress (Rorippa palustris) were introduced through floodwaters carrying seeds and vegetative propagules from upstream regions.

In certain locations, marsh yellow-cress was observed infesting pea fields, signalling its ability to establish itself in cultivated areas.


The survey also documented noticeable changes in weed composition during the Rabi season.

Several species that were once uncommon have become increasingly visible in moist fields after flooding.

"Such shifts are a cause for concern because weeds compete directly with crops for nutrients, moisture, sunlight and space. Many also serve as alternate hosts for insect pests and disease-causing organisms, increasing risks to farm productivity," they said.

PAU vice chancellor Satbir Singh Gosal said that the findings demonstrate how climate variability and extreme weather events can alter agri ecosystems in unexpected ways.

"Our understanding of the ecology, adaptability and invasive potential of these newly introduced weed species in Punjab remains limited. Continuous surveillance and timely management measures are essential before they become firmly established and threaten crop production, biodiversity and ecosystem stability," he emphasised.

Highlighting the practical implications of the study, Makhan Singh Bhullar, Director of Extension Education, PAU, urged farmers to stay alert during the ongoing Kharif season.

He advised them to report any unfamiliar plant species or unusual weed infestations to PAU experts, Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs), Farmers' Advisory Service Centres (FASCs), or the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare so that appropriate action can be taken at an early stage.